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Related Concept Videos

Formation of Higher-order Actin Filaments01:11

Formation of Higher-order Actin Filaments

The polymerization of G-actin monomers into filamentous F-actin is a multi-step process. Once the F-actins are formed, they can bundle together in different arrangements to form higher-order networks and regulate cellular functions. Common examples include the formation of lamellipodia and filopodia at the cell's leading edge by actin reorganization in a migrating cell. The microvilli on the brush border epithelial cells are also formed through the F-actin network.
The high-order actin networks...
RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends02:35

RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends

Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends, or RACE, is one of the most effective methods to obtain a full-length cDNA from an mRNA sequence between a known internal region to the unknown sequence at the 5’ or 3’ end. The unknown region is cloned in the cDNA by a gene-specific primer that binds the known end, and a hybrid primer that attaches a predefined anchor sequence to the unknown end of the cDNA. The sequence in between is amplified by PCR with an anchor primer and a gene-specific primer.
Since the...
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Formation of Intermediate Filaments00:57

Formation of Intermediate Filaments

Intermediate filaments are cytoskeletal proteins with higher tensile strength and flexibility than microfilaments and microtubules. Unlike the other two cytoskeletal proteins, intermediate filament formation lacks the enzymatic activity to hydrolyze nucleotides like ATP and GTP to generate energy for polymerization. Therefore, the formation of intermediate filaments is multistep self-assembly. The involvement of any accessory proteins in intermediate filament formation has not yet been reported.
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.Allopatric SpeciationIn allopatric speciation, gene flow between two populations of the same species is prevented by a geographic barrier, like...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assays for the Species-specific Detection of Eimeria that Infect Chickens
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Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assays for the Species-specific Detection of Eimeria that Infect Chickens

Published on: February 20, 2015

Host race formation in the Acari.

Sara Magalhães1, Mark R Forbes, Anna Skoracka

  • 1Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Evolutionary Genetics Group, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal. smagalhaes@igc.gulbenkian.pt

Experimental & Applied Acarology
|August 4, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Host race formation is common in Acari (mites and ticks), especially with long-lived hosts. This process drives species diversity and may lead to speciation in these arachnids.

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Optimizing the Rearing Procedure of Germ-Free Wasps
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Optimizing the Rearing Procedure of Germ-Free Wasps

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Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assays for the Species-specific Detection of Eimeria that Infect Chickens
06:57

Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assays for the Species-specific Detection of Eimeria that Infect Chickens

Published on: February 20, 2015

Optimizing the Rearing Procedure of Germ-Free Wasps
05:39

Optimizing the Rearing Procedure of Germ-Free Wasps

Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Zoology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Host race formation generates intraspecific diversity and can lead to speciation.
  • Acari (mites and ticks) exhibit intimate host interactions, suggesting a potential for host race evolution.
  • Understanding host-associated adaptations is crucial for acarology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review host race formation in Acari.
  • To assess the likelihood and evolutionary drivers of host races in mites and ticks.
  • To identify future research directions in host-associated adaptations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on host race formation in Acari.
  • Analysis of factors favoring host race evolution, such as host longevity.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge and identification of research gaps.

Main Results:

  • Host races appear to be common in Acari, despite limited current research.
  • Host longevity is a key factor favoring the evolution of host races in Acari.
  • Research is currently biased towards a few model species.

Conclusions:

  • Host race formation is a significant evolutionary process in Acari, contributing to biodiversity.
  • Further research is needed to explore host-associated adaptations across diverse Acari species.
  • Host race formation has implications for understanding mite and tick biodiversity and evolution.