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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...

Self-Report Tests of Personality

Self-Report Tests of Personality

Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.

Conduct Disorder

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Published on: March 14, 2018

Developmental and behavioral questionnaire for autism spectrum disorders.

Susan McGrew¹, Beth A Malow, Lynnette Henderson

¹Department of Pediatrics and Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA. susan.g.mcgrew@vanderbilt.edu

Pediatric Neurology

|August 7, 2007

Summary

The Parental Concerns Questionnaire reliably screens developmental and behavioral symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This validated tool helps assess concerns, aiding early intervention for ASD.

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Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

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Published on: March 14, 2018

Paradigms for Behavioral Assessment in Drosophila Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Paradigms for Behavioral Assessment in Drosophila Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: September 6, 2024

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Pediatrics

Background:

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents diverse developmental and behavioral challenges.
Accurate screening tools are crucial for early identification and intervention in children with ASD.
Parental input is vital for understanding a child's specific concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the validity and reliability of the Parental Concerns Questionnaire (PCQ).
To assess the PCQ's effectiveness in identifying developmental and behavioral concerns in children with ASD.
To establish the PCQ as a dependable screening instrument for ASD-related symptoms.

Main Methods:

The study involved 53 children with ASD (ages 4-10) and 48 typically developing controls.
Parents completed the PCQ, Child Behavior Checklist, Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire, and behavior scales.
Clinical assessments included the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale.

Main Results:

The PCQ demonstrated high internal consistency and reliability in the ASD subgroup.
Parental responses varied, indicating specific concern reporting rather than global answers.
PCQ scores showed external validity when compared to standardized parent and clinician ratings.

Conclusions:

The Parental Concerns Questionnaire is a reliable and valid screening instrument.
It effectively assesses parent-reported developmental and behavioral symptoms in children with ASD.
The PCQ supports early identification and targeted support for children with autism spectrum disorder.