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Rate-dependent slip boundary conditions for simple fluids.

Nikolai V Priezjev1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Fluid slip length dynamics were studied. Slip length increases nonlinearly with shear rate at weak wall interactions, transitioning to linear dependence with stronger interactions, predictable by a single structural variable.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Surface science
  • Computational physics

Background:

  • Understanding fluid slip at solid interfaces is crucial for microfluidics and lubrication.
  • The slip length quantifies the effective slip of a fluid over a solid surface.
  • Factors influencing slip length, such as wall-fluid interactions and shear rate, are complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic behavior of slip length in fluid flow confined between atomically smooth surfaces.
  • To determine the relationship between slip length, shear rate, and wall-fluid interactions.
  • To develop a predictive model for slip length.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to model fluid flow.
  • Atomically smooth surfaces and confined fluid layers were simulated.
  • Varying shear rates and wall-fluid interaction strengths were explored.

Main Results:

  • At weak wall-fluid interactions, slip length showed nonlinear dependence on shear rate for incommensurable interface structures.
  • Increasing wall-fluid interaction led to a gradual transition towards linear shear rate dependence.
  • A single-variable function, dependent on in-plane structure factor, contact density, and first layer temperature, accurately described slip length across various conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Slip length behavior is governed by a combination of shear rate, wall-fluid interactions, and interfacial structure.
  • The developed predictive function offers a unified approach to understanding slip length.
  • These findings advance the fundamental understanding of fluid-surface interactions.