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[Visual screening in children].

O A da Silva1, J Henriques, F Pinto

  • 1Serviço de Oftalmologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa.

Acta Medica Portuguesa
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Early visual screening (EVS) using preferential looking and photorefraction is crucial for preventing childhood strabismus and amblyopia. These methods should be implemented at key developmental milestones by ophthalmologists.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Optometry
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Early detection of visual impairments in infants and young children is critical.
  • Current screening methods vary in effectiveness and accessibility.
  • Timely intervention prevents long-term vision problems like strabismus and amblyopia.

Purpose:

  • To advocate for the integration of preferential looking (PL) and photorefraction (video-refraction) as primary Early Visual Screening (EVS) methods.
  • To establish a recommended schedule for EVS in early childhood (newborn, 6-8 weeks, 6-8 months, 18-24 months).
  • To highlight the importance of ophthalmologist-led screenings.

Summary:

  • Preferential looking (PL) assesses visual acuity and screens for amblyopia, while photorefraction (video-refraction) screens for refractive errors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • These advanced techniques are proposed for routine EVS at four key infant and toddler age points.
  • Traditional screening methods remain valuable alternatives until PL and video-refraction are widely available.

    • Impact:

    • Implementing these EVS methods can significantly reduce the incidence of strabismus and amblyopia.
    • Early detection and management of refractive errors and anterior segment issues can improve school performance.
    • Standardized, ophthalmologist-administered EVS protocols enhance pediatric eye care within the National Health Service.