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Related Concept Videos

Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model

Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the concentration...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model

Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...

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Microtensiometer for Confocal Microscopy Visualization of Dynamic Interfaces
08:05

Microtensiometer for Confocal Microscopy Visualization of Dynamic Interfaces

Published on: September 9, 2022

Fluctuating interface in a dilute sedimenting suspension.

Evgeny S Asmolov1

  • 1Central Aero-Hydrodynamic Institute, Zhukovsky, Moscow region, 140180, Russia. aes@an.aerocentr.msk.su

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Large-scale fluctuations in sedimenting suspensions decay due to convection and front deformations. This study models these effects in wall-bounded containers, providing insights into suspension dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Sedimentation Science
  • Continuum Mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding the behavior of suspensions is crucial in various scientific and industrial applications.
  • Large-scale fluctuations can significantly impact the stability and dynamics of sedimenting particle systems.
  • Previous models often simplify the complex interactions at the sedimentation front.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolution of large-scale fluctuations in a monodisperse dilute suspension during sedimentation.
  • To analyze the specific case where velocity fluctuations are comparable to the Stokes settling velocity.
  • To model the sedimentation front as a flat interface with surface forces, approximating a no-slip wall.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a continuum model to describe the suspension's behavior.
  • Approximated small deformations of the sedimentation front with a flat interface and surface force distribution.
  • Analyzed the role of convection and front deformations in the decay of concentration disturbances.

Main Results:

  • The sedimentation front maintains its position by ensuring small vertical fluid velocity, acting like a no-slip wall.
  • Convection of large-scale concentration disturbances contributes to the decay of fluctuations.
  • Sedimentation-front deformations also play a significant role in the observed fluctuation decay.

Conclusions:

  • The study identifies convection and sedimentation-front deformations as key mechanisms for the decay of large-scale fluctuations.
  • The simplified model of the sedimentation front as a no-slip wall provides a useful approximation for analyzing these dynamics.
  • Findings offer insights into the stability and evolution of sedimenting suspensions in confined environments.