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Nonlinear cross-phase modulation with intense single-cycle terahertz pulses.

Y Shen¹, T Watanabe, D A Arena

¹National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|August 7, 2007

Summary

Intense terahertz (THz) radiation induces nonlinear cross-phase modulation in electro-optic crystals. This phenomenon alters laser pulse spectra, confirming a time-dependent phase-shift model.

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Area of Science:

Nonlinear Optics
Terahertz (THz) Science
Materials Science

Background:

Cross-phase modulation (XPM) is a key nonlinear optical effect.
Terahertz (THz) radiation offers unique properties for material interaction.
Previous studies have not fully explored intense THz-induced XPM in electro-optic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate and characterize nonlinear cross-phase modulation (XPM) in electro-optic crystals.
To investigate the spectral modifications of laser pulses induced by intense THz radiation.
To validate the observed phenomena using a theoretical model.

Main Methods:

Generation of intense single-cycle THz pulses using coherent transition radiation from subpicosecond electron bunches.
Interaction of THz pulses with electro-optic crystals to induce XPM.
Probing the spectral changes in copropagating laser pulses using spectroscopy.

Main Results:

Successful demonstration of nonlinear cross-phase modulation in electro-optic crystals.
Observed spectral shifting, broadening, and modulation of laser pulses.
Peak THz pulse energies reached up to 100 microJ.

Conclusions:

Intense THz pulses effectively induce XPM in electro-optic crystals via the Pockels effect.
The experimental results align well with a time-dependent phase-shift model.
This work opens avenues for THz-driven nonlinear optical phenomena in materials.