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Cognitive function after chemotherapy in adults with solid tumours.

Janette Vardy1, Ian Tannock

  • 1Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
|August 7, 2007
PubMed
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Cognitive impairment affects some cancer survivors, potentially starting before chemotherapy. While chemotherapy may worsen it, the exact cause of this subtle cognitive change remains unknown.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Emerging evidence suggests cancer survivors may experience cognitive impairment post-chemotherapy.
  • The underlying causes of chemotherapy-induced cognitive dysfunction are not yet fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review studies on cognitive impairment in adult cancer survivors.
  • To discuss methodological challenges in researching cancer-related cognitive dysfunction.
  • To evaluate evidence for cognitive impairment, its incidence, and potential contributing factors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
  • Analysis of self-reported cognitive changes versus objective testing.
  • Identification of potential mechanisms and confounding variables.

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Main Results:

  • Cross-sectional studies indicate cognitive impairment in 15-45% of cancer survivors.
  • Longitudinal data suggest some impairment may precede chemotherapy, worsening in certain patients.
  • Self-reported cognitive changes after chemotherapy do not consistently correlate with objective findings.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive impairment is observed in a subset of cancer survivors, often subtly.
  • Chemotherapy is associated with cognitive impairment, but other cancer-related factors may also contribute.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the etiology of cancer-related cognitive impairment.