Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lipid Digestion01:06

Lipid Digestion

Lipids are large molecules that are generally not water-soluble. Since most of the digestive enzymes in the human body are water-based, there are specific steps the body must take to break down lipids and make them available for use.
Lipid Catabolism01:25

Lipid Catabolism

Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
Phase I Reactions: Hydrolytic Reactions01:15

Phase I Reactions: Hydrolytic Reactions

Hydrolysis, a cornerstone of phase I biotransformation reactions, uses water to cleave chemical bonds. This process is pivotal in drug metabolism, generating more polar metabolites that can be easily excreted.
An important hydrolytic reaction is ester hydrolysis. Ester bonds, often found in prodrugs, are broken down, increasing the solubility of drugs like aspirin and lidocaine for more straightforward elimination. Amide hydrolysis is another critical reaction, targeting amide bonds prevalent...
Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Overview01:20

Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Overview

The Fischer esterification reaction was developed by the German chemist Emil Fischer in 1895. It is a condensation reaction between carboxylic acids and alcohols in an acidic medium to give esters and water.
What are Lipids?01:38

What are Lipids?

Overview

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Focus on the role of mixed micelles and lipid droplets in the oxidative stability of oil-in-water emulsions using size distribution Taylor dispersion analysis.

Current research in food science·2026
Same author

Decoding Tocopherol-Polyphenol interactions in oil-in-water emulsions through combined WIM-CAT and CV assays.

Current research in food science·2026
Same author

Oxidative stability of polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched infant flours based on teff and cowpea: Impact of natural antioxidants from amaranth leaves and black rice bran.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)·2025
Same author

Evaluation of antioxidant-surfactant interactions using size distribution Taylor dispersion analysis: measuring antioxidant partitioning and size of native-state micelles.

Current research in food science·2025
Same author

Unveiling synergistic antioxidant combinations for α-tocopherol in emulsions: A spectrophotometric-mathematical approach.

Current research in food science·2025
Same author

Evaluation of antioxidant efficacy of quercetin encapsulated in micelles, mixed micelles, or liposomes in oil-in-water emulsions.

Food chemistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
08:59

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates

Published on: November 23, 2016

Lipases in lipophilization reactions.

Pierre Villeneuve1

  • 1UMR IATE Laboratoire de Lipotechnie, CIRAD, TA 40/16, Montpellier cedex 5, France. villeneuve@cirad.fr

Biotechnology Advances
|August 8, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This review explores lipase-catalyzed lipophilization, focusing on optimizing reactions involving diverse substrates like sugars and amino acids. Key parameters such as solvent choice and water activity are discussed for improved enzyme efficiency.

Area of Science:

  • Biocatalysis
  • Enzyme Technology
  • Organic Synthesis

Background:

  • Lipases are versatile enzymes utilized across pharmaceutical, food, and detergent industries.
  • They offer advantages over chemical catalysts, including enhanced selectivity and milder reaction conditions.
  • Lipases facilitate lipophilization, grafting lipophilic groups onto hydrophilic molecules like sugars, amino acids, and phenolic compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review critical parameters influencing lipase-catalyzed lipophilization reactions.
  • To address challenges arising from substrate polarity differences in these reactions.
  • To provide examples of optimizing these reactions for various hydrophilic substrates.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of key reaction parameters: solvent nature, water activity, and substrate modification.

More Related Videos

Microfluidic Production of Lysolipid-Containing Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes
09:51

Microfluidic Production of Lysolipid-Containing Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes

Published on: March 3, 2020

Preparation, Purification, and Use of Fatty Acid-containing Liposomes
10:43

Preparation, Purification, and Use of Fatty Acid-containing Liposomes

Published on: February 9, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
08:59

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates

Published on: November 23, 2016

Microfluidic Production of Lysolipid-Containing Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes
09:51

Microfluidic Production of Lysolipid-Containing Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes

Published on: March 3, 2020

Preparation, Purification, and Use of Fatty Acid-containing Liposomes
10:43

Preparation, Purification, and Use of Fatty Acid-containing Liposomes

Published on: February 9, 2018

  • Analysis of how these parameters affect reaction kinetics and yields.
  • Illustrative examples of lipase-catalyzed lipophilization of sugars, amino acids, and phenolic derivatives.

    • Main Results:

    • Optimizing solvent polarity and water activity is crucial for efficient lipophilization.
    • Chemical modification of substrates can enhance their compatibility and reactivity.
    • Successful lipophilization of diverse hydrophilic compounds has been demonstrated.

    Conclusions:

    • Enzyme-catalyzed lipophilization offers a green and efficient alternative for modifying various molecules.
    • Careful control of reaction parameters is essential for maximizing yield and selectivity.
    • Further research into substrate engineering and process optimization holds significant potential.