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Brain Waves

Brain Waves

Brain waves are electrical signals generated by the neurons in the brain, which are regularly monitored to measure mental activities. Brain waves and their frequency ranges can be measured using an electroencephalogram or EEG. There are four main types of brain waves, each with distinct characteristics:

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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

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Published on: June 2, 2014

The electroencephalogram changes in migraineurs.

H J Tan¹, C Suganthi, S Dhachayani

¹Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.

The Medical Journal of Malaysia

|August 9, 2007

Summary

This study found that electroencephalographic (EEG) changes, including theta activity and frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA) during hyperventilation, are more common in migraine patients. These findings utilized updated diagnostic criteria and digital EEG technology.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neurology
Medical Diagnostics

Background:

Electroencephalographic (EEG) changes are linked to migraine, but previous studies may have inaccuracies due to older diagnostic criteria and analogue EEG.
The International Classification of Headache Disorder - 2 (ICHD-2) criteria offer a standardized approach to diagnosing migraine.

Purpose of the Study:

To reevaluate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes in migraine patients using the updated ICHD-2 diagnostic criteria.
To identify potential unrecognized EEG features in migraineurs through digital EEG analysis.

Main Methods:

A case-control study was conducted with 70 migraine patients and 70 age- and gender-matched controls.
Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) was performed on all participants, including during hyperventilation (HV).
Digital EEG and the ICHD-2 criteria were applied for diagnosis and analysis.

Main Results:

Theta activity during HV was significantly more prevalent in the migraine group (34 vs. 22, p=0.038).
Frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA) during HV was also significantly more common in migraine patients (10 vs. 3, p=0.042).
Digital EEG revealed previously unrecognized features, such as FIRDA during HV in migraine patients.

Conclusions:

Updated diagnostic criteria and digital EEG reveal distinct EEG patterns in migraine patients, particularly during hyperventilation.
Increased prevalence of theta activity and FIRDA during HV are significant EEG findings in migraineurs.
This study highlights the utility of modern diagnostic tools and criteria in identifying subtle EEG abnormalities associated with migraine.