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Updated: Jul 13, 2026
08:14
Capturing the Cardiac Injury Response of Targeted Cell Populations via Cleared Heart Three-Dimensional Imaging
Published on: March 17, 2020
Penetrating cardiac injuries
Ayşen Aksöyek1, Ufuk Tütün, Seyhan Babaroğlu
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Türkiye Yüksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. aaksoyek@yahoo.com
Summary
Patients with penetrating cardiac injury and higher trauma scores (Physiologic Index, Penetrating Cardiac Trauma Index, Penetrating Thoracic Trauma Index, and Organ Injury Scale) had a significantly higher mortality rate. These scores indicate more severe injuries in non-survivors.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Surgery
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Penetrating cardiac injuries are critical medical emergencies.
- Prompt evaluation and management are essential for patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate patients diagnosed with penetrating cardiac injury.
- To identify factors associated with mortality in these patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 25 patients with suspected cardiac injury.
- Echocardiography used for hemodynamic assessment in stable patients.
- Calculation of trauma indices: Physiologic Index (PI), Penetrating Cardiac Trauma Index (PCTI), Penetrating Thoracic Trauma Index (PTTI), and American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Organ Injury Scale (AAST/OIS).
Main Results:
- 22 patients had confirmed cardiac injury; 17 (77%) presented with cardiac tamponade.
- Mortality rate was 27.3% (6 out of 22 patients).
- Higher PI, PCTI, PTTI, and AAST/OIS scores were significantly associated with increased mortality (p<0.05).
- Left ventricular, left anterior descending artery, and lung injuries were more frequent in non-survivors.
Conclusions:
- Elevated trauma scores (PI, PCTI, PTTI, AAST/OIS) indicate more severe injuries in non-survivors of penetrating cardiac trauma.
- These scores can aid in predicting outcomes for patients with penetrating cardiac injuries.
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