Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 13, 2026
11:09
RBDT: A Computerized Task System based in Transposition for the Continuous Analysis of Relational Behavior Dynamics in Humans
Published on: July 17, 2021
Sorting by weighted reversals, transpositions, and inverted transpositions
1Faculty of Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. martin.bader@uni-ulm.de
Summary
This study introduces a 1.5-approximation algorithm for genome rearrangement problems. It efficiently sorts signed permutations using weighted reversals, transpositions, and inverted transpositions for evolutionary analysis.
Area of Science:
- Computational biology
- Evolutionary genomics
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- Genomes undergo rearrangements like inversions and transpositions during evolution.
- Reconstructing evolutionary history involves finding optimal sequences of these genome rearrangements.
- This problem is analogous to sorting signed permutations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an efficient algorithm for genome rearrangement reconstruction.
- To provide an approximation algorithm for sorting by weighted reversals, transpositions, and inverted transpositions.
Main Methods:
- Developed a 1.5-approximation algorithm.
- Algorithm addresses weighted reversals, transpositions, and inverted transpositions.
- Focuses on single-chromosome genomes (e.g., mitochondrial, bacterial).
Main Results:
- A 1.5-approximation algorithm for sorting signed permutations with biologically realistic weights.
- Efficiently reconstructs evolutionary events based on genome rearrangements.
Conclusions:
- The algorithm offers an effective method for inferring evolutionary histories from genome data.
- Provides a practical tool for analyzing genome evolution using weighted rearrangement models.
Related Concept Videos
02:13Overview of Transposition and Recombination
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
01:34Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility
Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
01:17Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test I
The Wald-Wolfowitz test, also known as the runs test, is a nonparametric statistical test used to assess the randomness of a sequence of two different types of elements (e.g., positive/negative values, successes/failures). It examines whether the order of the elements in a sequence is random or if there is a pattern or trend present. This nonparametric test applies to any ordered data despite the population and sample data distribution, even if a higher sample size is available.
The test works...
The test works...
01:14Reversible and Irreversible Processes
The thermodynamic processes can be classified into reversible and irreversible processes. The processes that can be restored to their initial state are called reversible processes. It is only possible if the process is in quasi-static equilibrium, i.e., it takes place in infinitesimally small steps, and the system remains at equilibrium However, these are ideal processes and do not occur naturally. An ideal system undergoing a reversible process is always in thermodynamic equilibrium within...
03:08LTR Retrotransposons
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
01:41Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors
Signal sequences are short amino acid sequences that guide newly synthesized proteins to their proper location within the cell. Classical signal sequences are fifteen to sixty amino acids long and present at the N-terminus of a polypeptide chain. Each signal sequence has a conserved segment of basic residues towards their N terminus, a hydrophobic core, and a C-terminus rich in polar residues. The C-terminus also contains a signal cleavage site and features a -3 -1 sequence motif. The -3-1...