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Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the gastrointestinal...

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
Drugs in...

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Physical Therapist
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Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

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Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...

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Setup and Execution of the Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice Death Notification Curriculum

Setup and Execution of the Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice Death Notification Curriculum

Published on: August 5, 2020

Special deliverers. Interview by Carol Davis.

Mal Sword, Jan Waters, Moira Graham

Nursing Standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)

|August 10, 2007

Summary

Midwives in Liverpool reflect on 40 years of practice, witnessing significant advancements in nursing and midwifery. Their careers highlight the evolution of healthcare over four decades.

Area of Science:

Healthcare evolution
Midwifery practice
Nursing education

Background:

A cohort of midwives in Liverpool, initially nursing students, are nearing retirement after 40 years.
Their careers have spanned a period of substantial transformation in healthcare.

Discussion:

The professional journey of these midwives exemplifies the dynamic changes in medical technology and patient care.
Reflections on their careers offer insights into the long-term impact of evolving healthcare policies and practices.

Key Insights:

The nursing and midwifery professions have undergone revolutionary changes over the past 40 years.
Technological and procedural advancements have significantly altered the daily practice of healthcare providers.

Outlook:

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Future healthcare professionals can learn from the experiences of seasoned midwives.
Continued adaptation and innovation will be crucial for the future of midwifery and nursing.