Retroperitoneal fibrosis: a rare vascular and immune entity disclosed by chronic lombalgia

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare inflammatory and fibrotic process in the retroperitoneal peri-aortic tissues, associated with ureters and other abdominal organs' entrapment. Here we report an original observation of a 55-year-old patient presenting with chronic lombalgia disclosing idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. After one-year follow-up, treatment with corticosteroids led to a complete clinical, biological, and radiological response. Pathogenesis and therapeutic options in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis are discussed.