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BK channels in the kidney.

P Richard Grimm1, Steven C Sansom

  • 1Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985850 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5850, USA.

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
|August 19, 2007
PubMed
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Large (BK) channels are crucial for kidney potassium secretion, particularly under high flow conditions. Research highlights their function and location in various renal cells, guiding development of new potassium-sparing drugs.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Renal Physiology
  • Ion Channel Biology

Background:

  • Large conductance, calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels play a significant role in renal physiology.
  • Their involvement in potassium secretion is a key area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent discoveries on the function and localization of BK channels in the kidney.
  • To highlight their specific roles in renal potassium handling.

Main Methods:

  • Patch clamp electrophysiology was used to identify BK channel presence in various kidney cell types.
  • Studies utilized genetically modified mice (BK-alpha-/- and BK-beta1-/-) to investigate BK channel function in vivo.

Main Results:

  • BK channels are found in podocytes, mesangial cells, and multiple tubule segments, including principal and intercalated cells.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Flow-induced potassium secretion in the distal nephron is mediated by BK channels, potentially via shear stress-induced calcium increases.
  • BK-alpha/beta1 channels, localized to the apical membrane of connecting tubules, are essential for flow-induced potassium secretion.

    • Conclusions:

    • BK channels are strategically located in glomeruli and nephron segments, mediating potassium secretion under high flow and potassium adaptation.
    • Further understanding of BK channel molecular composition and regulation in specific renal cells can lead to novel potassium-sparing therapeutics.