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Related Experiment Videos

Automatic affective responses to smoking cues.

B Keith Payne1, F Joseph McClernon, Ian G Dobbins

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. payne@unc.edu

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology
|August 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Smokers

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Associative-learning theories propose smokers develop positive automatic responses to smoking cues.
  • Prior research on smokers' automatic responses to cues has yielded inconsistent findings.
  • Implicit measures may influence observed automatic responses to smoking cues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate automatic emotional reactions to smoking cues in smokers and nonsmokers.
  • To examine the influence of smoking withdrawal and motivation on smokers' implicit responses to cues.
  • To reconcile conflicting findings regarding smokers' automatic responses to smoking-related stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Affect Misattribution Procedure, a novel implicit measure.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared emotional responses to smoking cues between 35 smokers and 25 nonsmokers.
  • Assessed individual differences in smoking withdrawal and motivation among smokers.

    • Main Results:

    • Nonsmokers exhibited negative emotional responses to smoking cues.
    • Smokers' responses were contingent on withdrawal severity and motivation to smoke.
    • Smokers experiencing withdrawal or high motivation showed positive responses; others showed negative responses.

    Conclusions:

    • Smoking cues elicit differential automatic emotional responses in smokers based on withdrawal and motivation.
    • Findings integrate prior research by explaining discrepancies in smokers' automatic responses to cues.
    • Supports cue-conditioning theories of addiction, suggesting smoking cues acquire positive reward value.