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The oncogenic potential of some avian adenoviruses causing diseases in chickens
Abstract:
The oncogenic potentials of three different strains of avian adenoviruses (the Tipton strain of the inclusion body hepatitis virus, the DPI-2, and the Indiana C viruses) were investigated in newborn hamsters. Animal inoculations were via two routes, subcutaneous and intracerebral. All three viruses proved nononcogenic for the hamsters observed over a period of 225 days. However, lesions of hepatitis similar to those of inclusion body hepatitis of chickens were seen in three hamsters inoculated with the DPI-2 virus.
Insights
Avian adenoviruses, including inclusion body hepatitis virus, were tested for cancer-causing ability in hamsters. None of the tested avian adenovirus strains proved oncogenic in newborn hamsters.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Avian adenoviruses are known pathogens in poultry.
- Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is a significant disease in chickens caused by avian adenovirus.
- The oncogenic potential of avian adenoviruses in mammals is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the oncogenic potential of three avian adenovirus strains in a mammalian model.
- To determine if avian adenoviruses can induce tumors in newborn hamsters.
- To observe any pathological changes following inoculation with avian adenoviruses.
Main Methods:
- Newborn hamsters were inoculated with three avian adenovirus strains: Tipton strain (IBH virus), DPI-2, and Indiana C.
- Inoculations were administered via subcutaneous and intracerebral routes.
- Animals were observed for 225 days for tumor development and pathological changes.
Main Results:
- None of the three avian adenovirus strains induced tumors (oncogenesis) in the hamsters during the 225-day observation period.
- Hepatitis lesions, similar to those seen in avian inclusion body hepatitis, were observed in three hamsters inoculated with the DPI-2 virus.
- No significant pathological changes were noted in hamsters inoculated with the Tipton strain or Indiana C virus.
Conclusions:
- The investigated avian adenovirus strains (Tipton, DPI-2, Indiana C) are nononcogenic in newborn hamsters.
- The DPI-2 strain of avian adenovirus can cause hepatitis-like lesions in hamsters, suggesting a potential for cross-species pathology.
- Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of hepatitis induction by avian adenoviruses in mammals.