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Related Experiment Videos

Calculation of vertical ground reaction force estimates during running from positional data.

M F Bobbert1, H C Schamhardt, B M Nigg

  • 1Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Calgary, Canada.

Journal of Biomechanics
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

This study accurately calculated segmental contributions to running impact forces using motion capture. Analyzing these forces reveals how running style affects impact peaks, offering insights into injury prevention and footwear design.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Movement Analysis
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Vertical ground reaction force (Fz) during running is crucial for understanding impact mechanics.
  • Direct measurement of Fz using force plates provides a total force but lacks segmental detail.
  • Investigating the relationship between impact forces and running-related injuries requires a more nuanced analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calculate time-dependent segmental contributions to vertical ground reaction force (Fz) during the running landing phase.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of a method using positional data for this calculation.
  • To analyze how different body segments contribute to Fz and how running style influences these contributions.

Main Methods:

  • A seven-segment rigid body model of the human body was used.

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  • Marker positions were captured using a 200 Hz video analysis system during running.
  • Filtered positional data (50 Hz for legs, 15-20 Hz for upper body) were used to calculate segmental contributions to Fz.

    • Main Results:

    • The method accurately estimated the magnitude of the impact force peak (error <10%) and its timing (error <5 ms).
    • Segmental contributions to Fz were successfully calculated, showing the support leg initiates the first peak, while the rest of the body determines its magnitude.
    • These contributions can be independently altered by modifying running style.

    Conclusions:

    • Positional data are sufficiently accurate for calculating intersegmental forces and moments during the running landing phase.
    • Calculating segmental contributions to Fz offers a more suitable approach than solely measuring Fz for investigating impact force peaks and their relation to injuries or footwear effects.
    • Understanding segmental contributions allows for targeted modifications of running style to potentially mitigate injury risk.