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Measuring visual discomfort in college students.

Eric Borsting1, Christopher H Chase, William H Ridder

  • 1Southern California College of Optometry, Fullerton, California 92831, USA. eborsting@scco.edu

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|August 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study found that visual discomfort symptoms in college students can be measured by a single dimension, but also suggest multiple subtypes may exist. Further analysis revealed distinct symptom clusters related to text movement, headaches, and blur.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Visual discomfort is a common complaint among students.
  • Understanding the underlying dimensions of visual discomfort is crucial for effective management.
  • Previous research suggested a single dimension for visual discomfort symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure the distribution of visual discomfort symptoms in college students.
  • To analyze symptom types and frequencies in individuals with moderate to high visual discomfort.
  • To determine if visual discomfort is a single dimension or comprises subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Administered the Conlon visual discomfort survey to 571 college students over 2 years.
  • The survey comprises 23 items with a four-point scale (0-3), yielding scores from 0 to 69.

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  • Utilized Rasch analysis and principal component analysis to analyze survey data.

    • Main Results:

    • Rasch analysis indicated a single symptom dimension accounted for 73.5% of the variance.
    • Principal component analysis of residual variance identified three distinct symptom factors.
    • Factor 1: text movement and fading; Factor 2: headache and soreness; Factor 3: blur and diplopia.

    Conclusions:

    • The Conlon survey is a valid measure of visual discomfort.
    • While a single dimension exists, specific symptom clusters suggest potential subtypes of visual discomfort.
    • These findings imply multiple etiologies contributing to visual discomfort.