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The Activity Inventory: an adaptive visual function questionnaire.

Robert W Massof1, Lohrasb Ahmadian, Lori L Grover

  • 1Lions Vision Research and Rehabilitation Center, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. rmassof@lions.med.jhu.edu

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|August 19, 2007
PubMed
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Visual ability is a composite measure influenced by reading and mobility functions. Different visual function questionnaires, including the Activity Inventory (AI), assess this same underlying visual ability variable.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Vision Science
  • Psychometrics and Health Outcomes Measurement

Background:

  • The Activity Inventory (AI) is an adaptive visual function questionnaire designed to assess visual ability in visually impaired patients.
  • The AI comprises 459 tasks nested under 50 goals, which are further organized under three objectives, allowing for a tailored assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that all combinations of items within the AI measure a single visual ability variable.
  • To investigate if different visual function questionnaires assess the same underlying visual ability.

Main Methods:

  • Administered the AI to 1880 low vision patients; 407 also completed other visual function questionnaires (ADVS, NEI VFQ, VF-14, VAQ).
  • Performed Rasch analyses on responses to individual questionnaires and subsets of AI items.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized confirmatory factor analysis to examine the dimensionality of visual ability.

    • Main Results:

    • Rasch analysis indicated that visual ability is not unidimensional, with reading-related items fitting better than mobility-related items.
    • Confirmatory factor analysis revealed visual ability as a composite variable with at least two factors, primarily influencing reading and mobility.
    • High correlations were found when comparing different subsets of AI items and different visual function questionnaires.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual ability is a composite construct influenced by distinct reading and mobility factors.
    • Despite its composite nature, various subsets of items within the AI and different visual function questionnaires consistently measure the same underlying visual ability variable.