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Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...
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Microbial Bioremediation of Uranium01:25

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Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
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Questioning nuclear waste substitution: a case study.

Alan Marshall1

  • 1Sustaining Gondwana Initiative, Department of Environmental Biology and Alcoa Research Centre for Stronger Communities, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U9187, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. A.Marshall@exchange.curtin.edu.au

Science and Engineering Ethics
|August 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

International nuclear waste substitution, like the UK-Japan case, presents ethical challenges. Substitution is only ethical if specific moderating conditions for radioactive waste management are met by all parties involved.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Ethics
  • Nuclear Waste Management
  • International Relations

Background:

  • International agreements facilitate nuclear waste trade.
  • Japanese nuclear waste is currently stored in the UK.
  • British Nuclear Fuels Limited (BNFL) proposes waste substitution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the ethical quandaries of international nuclear waste substitution.
  • To analyze the social and political context of nuclear waste trade.
  • To evaluate the ethical implications of the UK-BNFL-Japan waste substitution proposal.

Main Methods:

  • Ethical analysis of nuclear waste substitution.
  • Review of social and political factors in waste management.
  • Case study of Japanese nuclear waste in the UK.

Main Results:

  • The proposed UK-Japan nuclear waste substitution involves exchanging high-volume intermediate-level waste for lower-volume high-level waste.
  • Ethical issues related to this substitution have been largely unaddressed by BNFL and the UK government.
  • Current practices do not meet the necessary conditions for ethical waste substitution.

Conclusions:

  • Waste substitution requires strict adherence to a set of moderating conditions by all parties.
  • The current UK-Japan nuclear waste substitution proposal fails to meet these ethical conditions.
  • Further ethical considerations and regulatory oversight are needed for international nuclear waste management.