Related Experiment Videos

Mitral valve E point to ventricular septal separation in the dog

R M Kirberger1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa.

Summary

E point to septal separation (EPSS) in dogs is typically between 1-6mm. Factors like breed, age, sex, or heart rate do not significantly impact EPSS measurements in healthy, non-anesthetized dogs.

Related Concept Videos