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Related Concept Videos

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...

Chi-square Analysis

Chi-square Analysis

The chi-square test is a statistical hypothesis test. It is used to check whether there is a significant difference between an expected value and an observed value. In the context of genetics, it enables us to either accept or reject a hypothesis, based on how much the observed values deviate from the expected values.
The chi-square test was developed by Pearson in 1990.
The first step of performing a Chi-square analysis is to establish a null hypothesis, which assumes that there is no real...

Dihybrid Crosses

Dihybrid Crosses

Dihybrid Crosses

Dihybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Infinium Assay for Large-scale SNP Genotyping Applications

Infinium Assay for Large-scale SNP Genotyping Applications

Published on: November 19, 2013

Haplotyping a quantitative trait with a high-density map in experimental crosses.

Wei Hou¹, John Stephen F Yap, Song Wu

¹Department of Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.

|August 22, 2007

Summary

This study introduces a new statistical model to identify and characterize haplotypes underlying quantitative trait loci (QTL). This facilitates the molecular cloning of genes controlling important traits.

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Area of Science:

Genetics
Bioinformatics
Statistical Modeling

Background:

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping aims to identify genes influencing traits, but molecular characterization remains challenging.
Less than 1% of identified QTL are molecularly characterized, hindering progress in agriculture and medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a statistical model for detecting and characterizing haplotype structures associated with QTL.
To facilitate the molecular cloning of QTL by identifying underlying haplotypes.

Main Methods:

A mixture-based maximum likelihood model using the EM algorithm.
Estimation of linkage and linkage disequilibrium among molecular markers (e.g., SNPs).
Quantification of quantitative genetic effects of haplotypes.

Main Results:

A novel statistical model was developed for QTL haplotype analysis.
The model successfully identified and characterized haplotypes underlying quantitative traits in an F2 pedigree.
Validation in a mouse model demonstrated the model's utility for QTL cloning.

Conclusions:

The developed model aids in the molecular cloning of QTL.
The model can be extended to analyze complex genetic regulatory networks, including gene-gene and gene-environment interactions.