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Cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Richard Reithinger1, Jean-Claude Dujardin, Hechmi Louzir

  • 1Clinical Trials Area, Westat, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. rreithinger@yahoo.co.uk

The Lancet. Infectious Diseases
|August 24, 2007
PubMed
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Cutaneous leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, presents diverse clinical forms and is transmitted by sandflies. Limited research and control efforts hinder effective prevention and treatment strategies globally.

Area of Science:

  • Tropical medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease prevalent in tropics and neotropics.
  • It exhibits a wide range of clinical manifestations, from nodules to severe mucosal destruction.
  • Caused by Leishmania species, it is transmitted by sandflies to humans and animals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges in research, prevention, and control of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
  • To discuss the current diagnostic and treatment landscape.
  • To underscore its status as a neglected disease.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical diagnosis and microscopic examination of lesion smears are common in endemic areas.
  • Advanced species identification techniques are typically limited to research settings.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of existing treatment mainstays and emerging alternatives.

    • Main Results:

    • Despite increasing incidence, cutaneous leishmaniasis receives minimal funding and attention.
    • Diagnosis relies heavily on clinical presentation and microscopy.
    • Pentavalent antimonials remain primary treatments, with limited new options and no vaccine.

    Conclusions:

    • Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a complex neglected disease with significant public health implications.
    • Effective prevention and control are hampered by intricate epidemiology and limited vector control options.
    • There is a critical need for increased research, funding, and intervention strategies.