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High Yield Expression of Recombinant Human Proteins with the Transient Transfection of HEK293 Cells in Suspension
Published on: December 28, 2015
DNA transfer in bacteria and animals (humans)
Joanna Rutkowska1, Waldemar L Olszewski
1Department for Surgical Research & Transplantology, Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Annals of Transplantation
|August 25, 2007
Summary
Transplanted organs release passenger cells and cellular debris, leading to donor DNA circulation in recipients. The fate and immune response to this circulating DNA remain critical unanswered questions in transplantation research.
Area of Science:
- Transplantation immunology
- Molecular biology
- Cellular biology
Background:
- Vascularized organ transplantation leads to passenger cell shedding and microchimerism in recipients.
- Graft ischemia and immune rejection cause cellular destruction, releasing organelle fragments and donor DNA into circulation.
- Microbial infections during immunosuppression contribute significant bacterial and viral DNA to recipient circulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the fate of shed donor DNA and microbial DNA in the recipient's circulation post-transplantation.
- To explore the potential reutilization or complete disintegration of circulating DNA fragments.
- To understand the host immune response to non-methylated bacterial DNA and donor DNA in allogeneic recipients.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of passenger cell migration and microchimerism in recipient lymphoid tissues.
- Characterization of cellular organelle release due to ischemia and immune rejection.
- Phagocytosis and processing of donor DNA-containing debris by recipient scavenger cells and dendritic cells (DCs).
- Detection and quantification of circulating bacterial and viral DNA during immunosuppression.
Main Results:
- Donor DNA is confirmed within cellular debris phagocytized by recipient immune cells.
- Significant amounts of bacterial and viral DNA are shed into recipient circulation, especially under immunosuppression.
- The ultimate fate and biological activity of this shed DNA are not yet determined.
Conclusions:
- Circulating donor DNA and microbial DNA are common post-transplantation.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the fate and immunogenicity of shed DNA.
- Understanding these processes is crucial for managing transplant outcomes and immune responses.
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