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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Breast Milk Enhances Growth of Enteroids: An Ex Vivo Model of Cell Proliferation
Published on: February 15, 2018
High levels of growth factors in human breast milk
Ritsuyo Kobata1, Hirokazu Tsukahara, Yusei Ohshima
1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
We found very high concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatic growth factor, and epidermal growth factor in early breast milk samples obtained from healthy mothers of term infants. This is the first report of simultaneous measurements of three major gastrointestinal trophic substances in human milk.
We found very high concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatic growth factor, and epidermal growth factor in early breast milk samples obtained from healthy mothers of term infants. This is the first report of simultaneous measurements of three major gastrointestinal trophic substances in human milk.
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