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Maintenance of the ES Cell State

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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal

Published on: May 30, 2012

Integrins regulate mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal.

Yohei Hayashi¹, Miho Kusuda Furue, Tetsuji Okamoto

¹Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Kanagawa Dental College, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580 Japan.

Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio)

|August 25, 2007

Summary

Mouse embryonic stem cells maintain self-renewal on collagen but differentiate on laminin or fibronectin. Integrin signaling inactivation is crucial for self-renewal, with LIF concentration influencing collagen-binding integrin expression.

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Structure-function Studies in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Recombinase-mediated Cassette Exchange

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Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal

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Published on: May 30, 2012

The use of SC1 (Pluripotin) to Support mESC Self-renewal in the Absence of LIF

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Published on: November 18, 2009

Structure-function Studies in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Recombinase-mediated Cassette Exchange

Structure-function Studies in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Recombinase-mediated Cassette Exchange

Published on: April 27, 2017

Area of Science:

Stem cell biology
Developmental biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Extracellular matrix (ECM) components influence stem cell behavior, but their specific effects on embryonic stem (ES) cells are not fully understood.
Defined, serum-free culture media with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) support pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cell (mES) propagation without feeder cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of various ECM components as culture substrata on mES cell self-renewal within a defined, serum-free medium.
To elucidate the role of integrin signaling pathways in mediating ECM effects on mES cell pluripotency and differentiation.

Main Methods:

Culture of mES cells on different ECM substrata (type I and IV collagen, poly-D-lysine, laminin, fibronectin) in defined, serum-free medium with LIF.
Assessment of mES cell self-renewal markers (morphology, alkaline phosphatase activity, Nanog, SSEA-1 expression) and signaling pathway activity (STAT3, Akt/PKB, ERK1/2).
Analysis of integrin subunit expression and functional blocking or overexpression studies to investigate ECM-integrin interactions.

Main Results:

mES cells maintained undifferentiation on type I/IV collagen and poly-D-lysine, but differentiated on laminin or fibronectin, evidenced by altered morphology and marker expression.
Differentiation on laminin/fibronectin correlated with decreased STAT3/Akt/PKB activity and increased ERK1/2 activity.
Integrin signaling mediated ECM effects; blocking ECM-integrin interactions inhibited differentiation, while overexpressing collagen-binding integrins induced differentiation on collagen.

Conclusions:

Inactivation of integrin signaling is critical for promoting mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal.
Specific ECM components differentially regulate mES cell fate through integrin-dependent pathways.
LIF concentration modulates the expression of collagen-binding integrins, influencing mES cell response to ECM cues.