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Saccade control without a fovea.

S G Whittaker1, R W Cummings, L R Swieson

  • 1Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Philadelphia 19141.

Vision Research
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Patients with macular scotoma do not adapt foveating saccades. Their visually guided eye movements retain characteristics of non-foveating saccades, suggesting suppression of the foveating mechanism.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Two types of fast eye movements (FEMs) exist: foveating saccades and non-foveating saccades.
  • Foveating saccades are faster and have shorter latencies, crucial for directing targets to the fovea.
  • Macular scotoma patients adapt by using preferred retinal loci (PRL) for fixation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether patients with macular scotoma adapt their saccadic eye movements to exhibit foveating characteristics.
  • To compare saccade properties between normal observers and patients with macular scotoma.

Main Methods:

  • Used an objectively-calibrated 2D search coil to measure saccades.
  • Measured saccades in response to salient, unpredictable targets.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared saccade characteristics in normal observers versus patients with long-standing macular scotomas.

    • Main Results:

    • Saccades in macular scotoma patients directed images to PRL but retained non-foveating saccade latency and dynamics.
    • Patient saccades were less accurate than foveating saccades, exhibiting a range effect.
    • Patients appear to suppress, rather than adapt, foveating saccade mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • Macular scotoma patients do not develop foveating saccades despite using PRL.
    • The underlying saccade control mechanism for foveating saccades is suppressed, not adapted.
    • This finding has implications for understanding visual compensation strategies in retinal diseases.