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Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
Pyloric Obstruction01:11

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Electrophysiological Measurements and Analysis of Nociception in Human Infants
09:18

Electrophysiological Measurements and Analysis of Nociception in Human Infants

Published on: December 20, 2011

Focus on infantile colic.

Francesco Savino1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Turin, Italy. francesco.savino@unito.it

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|August 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Infantile colic, a common infant issue, has multiple potential causes including gut function and maternal factors. A graded management strategy is recommended, but more research is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Infantile colic affects the first three months of life, presenting a common yet poorly understood clinical challenge.
  • Etiologies are multifactorial, encompassing gastrointestinal, behavioral, and potentially novel factors like gut microbiota alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of infantile colic's diverse causes.
  • To discuss potential management strategies for infantile colic.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing evidence on infantile colic.
  • Analysis of proposed etiological factors and treatment approaches.

Main Results:

  • Multiple independent causes are suggested, including food hypersensitivity, gut dysmotility, maternal anxiety, and infant temperament.

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Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Electrophysiological Measurements and Analysis of Nociception in Human Infants
09:18

Electrophysiological Measurements and Analysis of Nociception in Human Infants

Published on: December 20, 2011

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers
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Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers

Published on: July 28, 2022

  • Emerging hypotheses involve hormonal changes, maternal smoking, and gut microflora alterations.

    • Conclusions:

    • Infantile colic typically follows a favorable clinical course with varied presentations.
    • A safe, graded management approach tailored to colic intensity is advised, alongside a need for further research and guidelines.