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Vibrio vulnificus. Hazard on the half shell.

K L Koenig1, J Mueller, T Rose

  • 1Division of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange 92668.

The Western Journal of Medicine
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Vibrio vulnificus is a dangerous bacterium causing severe illness, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for survival, as mortality rates are high, especially with septic shock.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Vibrio vulnificus is a gram-negative bacillus known for causing severe invasive infections.
  • Risk factors include immunocompromised status, liver disease, hemochromatosis, reduced gastric acidity, and exposure to brackish waters or raw shellfish.
  • Infections can manifest as primary septicemia, wound infection, or gastroenteritis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the clinical significance and management of Vibrio vulnificus infections.
  • To emphasize the importance of early recognition and prompt treatment in improving patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical case review and literature synthesis.
  • Identification of key risk factors, clinical presentations, and diagnostic considerations.
  • Review of established treatment protocols including antibiotics and supportive care.

Main Results:

  • Vibrio vulnificus infections are rapidly progressive and can lead to shock and death.
  • Mortality approaches 100% if septic shock develops.
  • Aggressive wound debridement, antibiotic therapy, and supportive care are essential treatment components.

Conclusions:

  • Vibrio vulnificus poses a significant threat, especially to vulnerable populations.
  • Prompt diagnosis and initiation of aggressive treatment are critical for patient survival.
  • Awareness of risk factors and clinical syndromes is vital for healthcare providers.

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