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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
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An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)

Published on: January 27, 2010

Does cesarean section reduce postpartum urinary incontinence? A systematic review.

Joshua Z Press1, Michael C Klein, Janusz Kaczorowski

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Birth (Berkeley, Calif.)
|August 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Cesarean sections reduce the short-term risk of postpartum stress urinary incontinence compared to vaginal births. However, severe symptoms and urge incontinence risks remain similar regardless of delivery mode.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Urogynecology

Background:

  • Mode of delivery and its impact on postpartum urinary incontinence is a significant clinical debate.
  • Cesarean section versus vaginal birth outcomes require further investigation regarding urinary incontinence prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and compare the incidence of postpartum urinary incontinence (UI) between cesarean section and vaginal birth.
  • To analyze UI prevalence based on delivery mode, considering factors like incontinence type, severity, and parity.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of MEDLINE and CINAHL databases (1966-2005).
  • Inclusion of studies reporting postpartum UI prevalence stratified by birth mode.
  • Statistical analysis including odds ratios (OR) and number needed to prevent (NNP).

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Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

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Main Results:

  • Cesarean section significantly reduced the risk of postpartum stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in both cross-sectional and cohort studies.
  • The number needed to prevent SUI with cesarean section ranged from 10 to 15.
  • No significant difference in the risk of severe SUI or urge urinary incontinence (UUI) was observed between delivery modes.

Conclusions:

  • While cesarean section lowers the short-term incidence of any degree of SUI, severe symptoms do not differ by delivery mode.
  • The decision for cesarean section should weigh the reduced risk of SUI against potential maternal and newborn morbidities.