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Related Concept Videos

Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
Hemodialysis III: Nursing Management01:25

Hemodialysis III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient undergoing hemodialysis includes several critical steps, starting with a thorough assessment before the procedure.Before the Hemodialysis ProcedureFirst, record the patient's vital signs—blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature—to establish a baseline. This baseline is essential for detecting conditions such as hypotension that could impact the patient's response to dialysis. Document the patient's pre-dialysis weight, as this measurement...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
04:36

Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Published on: October 2, 2020

Octogenarians on hemodialysis: a prospective study.

N Basic-Jukic1, P Kes, I Juric

  • 1Department of Dialysis, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. nina_basic@net.hr

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
|August 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Elderly patients over 80 on hemodialysis show good survival rates, with 50% living after two years. Their treatment requires careful planning for expanding renal services to meet future needs.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
04:36

Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Published on: October 2, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Octogenarians are the fastest-growing patient group requiring hemodialysis.
  • Historically, conservative measures were preferred due to perceived poor prognosis for renal replacement therapy in this age group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of octogenarian patients undergoing hemodialysis.
  • To assess the feasibility and survival rates of hemodialysis in patients aged 80 and above.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective follow-up of 12 octogenarian patients (6 male, 6 female) for at least two years.
  • Data collection included clinical characteristics, comorbidities, renal disease etiology, nutritional status, complications, vascular access, hospitalizations, compliance, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of comorbidities (100%) and emergency dialysis initiation (64.3%).
  • Frequent use of long-term hemodialysis catheters (71.4%) and underdialysis (mean Kt/V 0.92).
  • One-year survival was 71.4%, and two-year survival was 50%, with most deaths unrelated to uremia.

Conclusions:

  • Octogenarian patients demonstrate surprisingly good survival on hemodialysis.
  • Their management necessitates tailored renal service planning due to increasing demand.
  • Complications were mainly catheter-related; reduced heparin doses minimized bleeding risks.