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[Urolithiasis in childhood]
J M Moreno Villares1, R Muley Alonso, M Espino Hernández
1Unidad de Nefrología, Departamento de Pediatría, Madrid.
Insights
This study on pediatric urolithiasis found hypercalciuria in 34% of cases. Metabolic evaluation is crucial for diagnosing and managing kidney stones in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Urology
Background:
- Urolithiasis affects children, necessitating understanding of its causes and management.
- A retrospective analysis of pediatric kidney stone cases from 1980-1989 was conducted.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical characteristics, metabolic profiles, and treatment outcomes of pediatric urolithiasis.
- To highlight the importance of metabolic evaluation in pediatric kidney stone patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 51 children diagnosed with urolithiasis between 1980 and 1989.
- Metabolic evaluation including assessment for hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria.
- Abdominal echography utilized for diagnosis.
Main Results:
- Mean age of patients was 7 years, with a male:female ratio of 2.1:1.
- Positive family history noted in 60% of cases; hypercalciuria in 34%, hyperuricosuria in 6%.
- Abdominal echography demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity; 16 cases required surgery.
Conclusions:
- Metabolic evaluation is essential for identifying underlying causes of pediatric urolithiasis.
- Early diagnosis and appropriate management, including medical and surgical options, are key.
- Abdominal echography is a reliable diagnostic tool for pediatric kidney stones.
Abstract:
We report a retrospective study of 51 children who presented urolithiasis between 1980 and 1989 in our Hospital. Mean age was 7 years and the male:female ratio was 2. 1:1. A positive family history was found in 60% of cases. It was done metabolic evaluation in every case: hypercalciuria was found in 34% of cases. In 6% of cases there were hyperuricosuria. None of our patients presented hyperoxaluria, cystinuria or hypocitraturia. Abdominal echography was the most sensible an specific imaging technique of diagnosis. In 16 cases it was necessary a surgical procedure although most cases received only medical management. Four patients were treated with extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. We emphasize the importance of metabolic evaluation. We report our own protocol of study and results.