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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Novel Object Recognition Test for the Investigation of Learning and Memory in Mice
08:52

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Published on: August 30, 2017

Receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) in recognition memory: a review.

Andrew P Yonelinas1, Colleen M Parks

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. apyonelinas@ucdavis.edu

Psychological Bulletin
|August 29, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis reveals that simple models of recognition memory are insufficient. Hybrid models integrating signal detection with recollection or attention better explain memory processes, indicating at least two distinct components.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychometric Analysis

Background:

  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis is increasingly applied to understand recognition memory.
  • Methodological challenges in ROC analysis and interpretation require careful consideration.
  • Existing models of recognition memory vary in their ability to explain empirical findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the methodological aspects of ROC analysis in recognition memory research.
  • To review and assess various theoretical models of recognition memory against empirical data.
  • To identify key empirical regularities and unresolved issues in the study of recognition memory.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of the behavioral empirical literature on recognition memory.
  • Analysis of studies employing item recognition, relational recognition, and remember-know tasks.
  • Evaluation of different classes of recognition memory models, including threshold and signal detection theories.

Main Results:

  • Pure threshold and pure signal detection models inadequately explain recognition memory.
  • Hybrid models combining signal detection with recollection or attention show better empirical fit.
  • Evidence suggests at least two functionally distinct processes underlie recognition memory.

Conclusions:

  • Standard recognition memory models require revision to incorporate multiple processes.
  • Hybrid models offer a more comprehensive framework for understanding recognition memory.
  • ROC analysis provides valuable insights into the measurement and underlying mechanisms of recognition memory performance.