[Combined and mixed infections in human pathology]
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Updated: Aug 14, 2026

An In vitro Co-infection Model to Study Plasmodium falciparum-HIV-1 Interactions in Human Primary Monocyte-derived Immune Cells
Published on: August 15, 2012
Abstract:
The author' and his colleagues publications dealing with combined and/or mixed infections are summarized. It is pointed out that these pathological studies of current autopsy, surgical, biopsy and experimental materials were performed according to principles formulated by V. D. Zinserling (1892-1960) as early as in 1920-1930. The results obtained are compared to the facts revealed by V. D. Zinserling and his students 30 to 70 years ago. Rather high incidence of combined and mixed infections is outlined, various localizations of main lesions are described (lungs, brain, gastro-intestinal tract, tonsilla and other organs and tissues). Considerable influence that combined infections exert on each other is shown; it is brought about mainly by the change of the host. Some mechanisms are discussed: damage of local protective mechanisms, suppression or stimulation of immune mechanism, including interferonogenesis, and others.
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