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Related Experiment Videos

Dalbavancin: a review.

Noah Scheinfeld1

  • 1Metropolitan Hospital, New York, New York 10029, USA. NSS32@columbia.edu

Drugs of Today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998)
|August 29, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dalbavancin, a lipoglycopeptide antibiotic, offers advantages for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infections with its once-weekly dosing. Clinical trials show dalbavancin is noninferior to other antibiotics with a mild side-effect profile.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Agents

Background:

  • Dalbavancin is a second-generation lipoglycopeptide with bactericidal activity.
  • It targets the D-alanyl-D-alanine component of bacterial cell walls, inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis.
  • Its long elimination half-life (approx. 200 hours) permits infrequent dosing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-weekly intravenous dalbavancin for Gram-positive skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs).
  • To compare dalbavancin's performance against established treatments like vancomycin, linezolid, and cefazolin.

Main Methods:

  • Phase III clinical trials involving over 1,500 patients.
  • Treatment regimens included a 1g initial dose followed by 500mg one week later.

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  • Primary endpoint assessed noninferiority at two weeks post-therapy.

    • Main Results:

    • Once-weekly dalbavancin demonstrated noninferiority compared to linezolid, cefazolin, and vancomycin.
    • The drug exhibited a favorable safety profile, with headache and pyrexia as common adverse effects.
    • Dalbavancin does not require dose adjustment for renal insufficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Once-weekly dalbavancin is an effective and well-tolerated option for Gram-positive SSTIs.
    • Its dosing schedule may reduce the need for indwelling catheters in some patients.
    • Current in vivo evidence does not support dalbavancin's efficacy against vancomycin-resistant S. aureus.