[When the legs have to keep moving at night--the restless legs syndrome]

The restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a frequently occurring neurological disease that is often associated with sleep disorders and reduced quality of life. The cause of RLS still has not been clearly established; however, the dopaminergic and opioid systems and iron metabolism appear to have major roles in the disease. The therapy of choice is treatment with dopaminergic drugs. In addition, opiates and anticonvulsants such as gabapentin are used. The most important side effect of dopaminergic therapy is augmentation. If therapy-related augmentation occurs while taking levodopa, the medication should be changed to dopamine agonists. If augmentation occurs while taking dopamine agonists, opiates or gabapentin should be taken instead.