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Related Concept Videos

Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug binding...
Ultrasound II: Endoscopic Ultrasound and FibroScan01:25

Ultrasound II: Endoscopic Ultrasound and FibroScan

Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) and FibroScan are valuable diagnostic tools in gastroenterology and hepatology, each with specific applications and techniques.
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS):
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...

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Related Experiment Videos

Gene modulation for treating liver fibrosis.

Kun Cheng1, Ram I Mahato

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems
|August 30, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New nucleic acid therapies show promise for treating liver fibrosis by modulating aberrant protein production. These strategies aim to overcome challenges in drug delivery and cellular targeting for effective liver fibrosis treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Liver fibrosis lacks standard treatments despite advances in understanding fibrogenesis and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation.
  • Challenges include extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition hindering drug delivery and HSC activation causing inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel therapeutic approaches for liver fibrosis, focusing on nucleic acid-based strategies.
  • To discuss the mechanisms and delivery methods of antisense, antigene, and RNA interference (RNAi) therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of antisense, antigene, and RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms.
  • Discussion of oligonucleotide backbone modifications for improved in vivo properties.
  • Analysis of cell-specific delivery strategies for nucleic acids.

Main Results:

  • Oligonucleotide modifications enhance stability, biodistribution, and bioactivity.
  • Various strategies exist for targeted delivery of nucleic acids to liver cells.
  • Multifaceted approaches show potential for improved therapeutic outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Modulating aberrant protein production via nucleic acid therapies is a promising strategy for liver fibrosis.
  • Overcoming delivery barriers and targeting specific cells are crucial for effective treatment.
  • Further research into these strategies may lead to significant advancements in liver fibrosis therapy.