Three new high-prevalence antigens in the Cromer blood group system
Kim Hue-Roye1, Christine Lomas-Francis, Larisa Belaygorod
1Laboratory of Immunochemistry and the Laboratory of Immunohematology, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA.
Insights
Three novel high-prevalence antigens, ZENA, CROV, and CRAM, were discovered in the Cromer blood group system. These antigens result from specific single-amino-acid substitutions in decay-accelerating factor (DAF).
Area of Science:
- Immunogenetics
- Molecular Biology
- Hematology
Background:
- The Cromer blood group system is defined by antigens on decay-accelerating factor (DAF).
- Existing knowledge includes nine high-prevalence and three low-prevalence antigens.
- This study aimed to identify and characterize novel antigens within this system.
Observation:
- Sequence analysis of three individuals revealed single-nucleotide substitutions in DAF.
- These mutations correspond to predicted amino acid changes: His242Gln (ZENA), Glu156Lys (CROV), and Gln247Arg (CRAM).
- Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used to investigate the CROV phenotype in a donor population.
Findings:
- Three new high-prevalence Cromer blood group antigens were identified: ZENA, CROV, and CRAM.
- ZENA and CRAM antigens are associated with mutations in exon 6, mapping to complement control protein (CCP) domain 4.
- The CROV antigen is linked to a mutation in exon 3, mapping to CCP domain 2.
Implications:
- These findings expand the known diversity of the Cromer blood group system.
- The identified antigens (ISBT numbers CROM13, CROM14, CROM15) are crucial for blood transfusion compatibility.
- Understanding these genetic variations aids in managing transfusion reactions and advancing immunohematology research.
Background:
The Cromer blood group system consists of nine high-prevalence and three low-prevalence antigens carried on decay-accelerating factor (DAF). This report describes three new Cromer high-prevalence antigens, named ZENA, CROV, and CRAM.
Study Design And Methods:
Sequence analyses were performed on DNA from three probands whose serum samples each contained an alloantibody to a high-prevalence antigen in the Cromer blood group system. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis to detect the mutation encoding the CROV- phenotype was performed on 100 Croatian donors. To map the respective epitopes, DAF deletion mutants were tested by immunoblotting with eluates containing the antibodies.
Results:
In each proband, sequence analysis revealed a single-nucleotide substitution in DAF: ZENA, 726T>G mutation, predicted change His242Gln; CROV, 466G>A mutation, predicted change Glu156Lys; and CRAM, 740A>G mutation, predicted change Gln247Arg. By analysis of DAF deletion mutants, the CROV antigenic determinant mapped to the complement control protein (CCP) domain 2, which is encoded by exon 3, whereas ZENA and CRAM mapped to CCP4, which is encoded by exon 6.
Conclusion:
This study describes three novel high-prevalence antigens in the Cromer blood group system each characterized by a predicted single-amino-acid substitution. The antigens have been assigned the following International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) numbers: ZENA is CROM13, CROV is CROM14, and CRAM is CROM15.
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