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The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

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Published on: August 25, 2016

Cross-reactions between xanthates and rubber additives.

Denis Sasseville¹, Mowza Al-Sowaidi, Linda Moreau

¹McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.

Dermatitis : Contact, Atopic, Occupational, Drug

|August 30, 2007

Summary

Xanthates can cause allergic reactions and cross-react with common rubber additives like carbamates and thiurams. Lowering xanthate patch-test concentrations may help identify true sensitivities.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Occupational Health
Toxicology

Background:

Allergic contact dermatitis from xanthates in mining has been previously reported.
Cross-reactions with carbamates were observed, likely due to a shared chemical structure.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the frequency of cross-reactions between xanthates and various rubber additives.
To investigate the relationship between xanthate sensitivity and sensitivity to other common allergens.

Main Methods:

1,220 patients underwent patch testing with xanthates (sodium isopropyl xanthate, potassium amyl xanthate) and standard series.
Concentrations of xanthates used were initially 10% and later reduced to 5%.

Main Results:

25 patients showed positive reactions to xanthates and/or rubber additives.
12 patients reacted to xanthates and either carba mix or thiuram mix.
50% of patients sensitized to carbamates, thiurams, or mercaptobenzothiazole cross-reacted with xanthates.

Conclusions:

Xanthates can induce allergic contact dermatitis and exhibit cross-reactivity with common rubber additives.
Xanthates are irritants; reduced patch-test concentrations (5% or less) are recommended.