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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact
07:30

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Published on: September 21, 2017

A decrease in both mild and severe bicycle-related head injuries in helmet wearing ages--trend analyses in Sweden.

Peter Berg1, Ragnar Westerling

  • 1Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences and Social Medicine, Uppsala Science Park, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. peter.berg@pubcare.uu.se

Health Promotion International
|August 31, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Bicycle helmet use significantly reduced head injuries in Swedish children under 15. This decline in head injuries, including concussions and skull fractures, correlated with increased helmet adoption among young cyclists.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Injury Prevention

Background:

  • International studies confirm bicycle helmets' efficacy in reducing head injuries.
  • Observational data from Sweden (1988-1996) indicated a rise in helmet usage across cyclist demographics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in bicycle-related head injuries by diagnosis and external cause.
  • To examine these trends across different age groups in Sweden.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Swedish National Hospital Discharge Register (1987-1996).
  • Included 49,758 reported in-patient cases of bicycle-related injuries.
  • Employed regression analyses to study incidence rate (IR) trends.

Main Results:

  • Children under 15 exhibited the highest incidence rates, but these decreased by 46%.
  • Head injury reductions in children occurred in both motor vehicle collisions and other accidents, with decreased concussion and skull fracture rates.
  • Adults aged 16-50 saw an increase in both head and non-head injuries; older adults showed no significant changes.

Conclusions:

  • The observed decrease in head injuries among children correlates with increased bicycle helmet use in this age group.
  • The reduction cannot be attributed to a general decline in bicycle accidents or changes in injury patterns post-collision.
  • Increased helmet adoption among younger schoolchildren is a probable factor in the reduced incidence of head injuries.