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Peripheral vascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus
S P Bhatt1, R Handa, G S Gulati
1Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Lupus
|August 31, 2007
Summary
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) affects 28% of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, with dyslipidemia being a significant risk factor. Further research is needed to understand the multifactorial causes of PVD in SLE.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Vascular Medicine
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Increasing longevity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients has highlighted peripheral vascular disease (PVD) as a significant cause of morbidity.
- Previous research lacks systematic investigation into the prevalence and characteristics of PVD within the SLE population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency and spectrum of PVD in patients with SLE.
- To identify factors associated with the occurrence of PVD in SLE patients.
Main Methods:
- Doppler ultrasonography was employed to examine medium-sized peripheral arteries in both upper and lower extremities of 50 SLE patients.
- PVD was assessed clinically (intermittent claudication, absent pulses, gangrene, ischemic ulcers) and sub-clinically (asymptomatic patients with >50% arterial diameter reduction on Doppler).
Main Results:
- Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) was identified in 14 (28%) of the 50 SLE patients.
- Dyslipidemia was found to be an independent risk factor for PVD in SLE patients (OR = 5.37, P = 0.05).
- Manifestations included ischemic ulcers (16%), gangrene (6%), femoral artery plaques (4%), and stenosis (8%); intermittent claudication was not observed.
Conclusions:
- Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is a notable complication in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.
- Dyslipidemia significantly contributes to the development of PVD in this cohort.
- The multifactorial nature of PVD in SLE warrants further investigation to elucidate the relative impact of various contributing factors.
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