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Related Experiment Videos

Interaction between sound and gentamicin: immediate threshold and stereociliary changes.

A Pye1, P Collins

  • 1Department of Audiology, Institute of Laryngology and Otology, London, UK.

British Journal of Audiology
|December 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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A single dose of gentamicin potentiated noise-induced hearing loss and hair cell damage in guinea pigs. This combination therapy resulted in greater threshold shifts and more severe cochlear damage compared to noise exposure alone.

Area of Science:

  • Ototoxicity and Auditory Neuroscience
  • Mechanisms of Hearing Loss
  • Pharmacology of Hearing Protection

Background:

  • Noise exposure is a significant cause of hearing impairment.
  • Gentamicin, an antibiotic, is known to cause ototoxicity.
  • The combined effects of noise and sub-ototoxic gentamicin doses on hearing are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a sub-ototoxic dose of gentamicin potentiates the immediate effects of damaging sound exposure.
  • To assess the impact of gentamicin and sound exposure on auditory function and cochlear histology.

Main Methods:

  • Guinea pigs were exposed to a damaging sound (8 kHz, 116 dB SPL for 1 h).
  • A single sub-ototoxic dose of gentamicin (50 mg kg-1) was administered.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were measured to determine threshold shift (TS).
  • Scanning electron microscopy assessed histological damage to sensory hair cells.

    • Main Results:

    • All experimental ears, except gentamicin-only, showed threshold shifts and histological damage.
    • The largest threshold shifts occurred at half an octave above the exposure frequency, most pronounced in the gentamicin + sound group.
    • Outer hair cells were most affected, followed by inner hair cells, with the severest damage at and below the exposure frequency in the gentamicin + sound group.
    • A strong correlation was observed between the severity of threshold shift and histological damage.

    Conclusions:

    • The presence of gentamicin significantly potentiated noise-induced hearing loss.
    • Combined gentamicin and sound exposure resulted in greater auditory threshold shifts and cochlear hair cell damage.
    • These findings highlight the potential for synergistic ototoxicity when gentamicin is present during noise exposure.