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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow glass...
Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a surface,...
Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...
Surface Appendages of Archaea01:23

Surface Appendages of Archaea

Archaeal surface appendages are highly specialized structures essential for environmental adaptation, encompassing roles in adhesion, biofilm formation, and motility. Among these appendages, pili and archaella stand out for their distinct morphologies and functionalities, enabling archaea to thrive in diverse and often extreme environments.Pili: Adhesion and Biofilm FormationPili are filamentous structures assembled from pilin protein subunits, primarily contributing to adhesion and biofilm...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Measurement of Aggregate Cohesion by Tissue Surface Tensiometry
12:49

Measurement of Aggregate Cohesion by Tissue Surface Tensiometry

Published on: April 8, 2011

The viscous sublayer at the sea floor.

D R Caldwell, T M Chriss

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |September 14, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers identified a thin oceanic sublayer where current speed changes linearly. This finding helps accurately estimate oceanic stress and turbulence.

    Area of Science:

    • Oceanography
    • Fluid Dynamics
    • Geophysics

    Background:

    • Understanding near-bed currents is crucial for sediment transport and coastal processes.
    • Previous studies have lacked high-resolution data in the immediate water-sediment interface.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the detailed structure of horizontal flow profiles near the seafloor.
    • To quantify the characteristics of a newly identified sublayer at the water-sediment interface.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a heated thermistor to measure temperature and infer current velocity.
    • Conducted measurements in 200-meter-deep water on the Oregon continental shelf.
    • Analyzed horizontal flow profiles from 19 cm above to 2 cm below the interface.

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    Investigating Single Molecule Adhesion by Atomic Force Spectroscopy
    09:48

    Investigating Single Molecule Adhesion by Atomic Force Spectroscopy

    Published on: February 27, 2015

    Control of Cell Adhesion using Hydrogel Patterning Techniques for Applications in Traction Force Microscopy
    12:26

    Control of Cell Adhesion using Hydrogel Patterning Techniques for Applications in Traction Force Microscopy

    Published on: January 29, 2022

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    Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

    Measurement of Aggregate Cohesion by Tissue Surface Tensiometry
    12:49

    Measurement of Aggregate Cohesion by Tissue Surface Tensiometry

    Published on: April 8, 2011

    Investigating Single Molecule Adhesion by Atomic Force Spectroscopy
    09:48

    Investigating Single Molecule Adhesion by Atomic Force Spectroscopy

    Published on: February 27, 2015

    Control of Cell Adhesion using Hydrogel Patterning Techniques for Applications in Traction Force Microscopy
    12:26

    Control of Cell Adhesion using Hydrogel Patterning Techniques for Applications in Traction Force Microscopy

    Published on: January 29, 2022

    Main Results:

    • A distinct 0.6-cm-thick sublayer exhibiting linear current speed variation was identified.
    • Viscous and turbulent stress estimates derived from the sublayer data showed close agreement (within 5%).
    • Calculated stress values correlated well with current-meter spectrum data within confidence limits.

    Conclusions:

    • The identified sublayer provides a valuable region for studying near-bed oceanic dynamics.
    • Accurate stress estimations are achievable using high-resolution measurements within this sublayer.
    • This research refines our understanding of fluid dynamics at the ocean floor.