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Magnetic stimulation: technical aspects.

D Claus1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, F.R.G.

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology. Supplement
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
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Comparing magnetic and electrical stimulation for nerve excitation, electrical stimulation proved most reliable for non-invasive motor root excitation. Magnetic stimulators varied in strength, with Cadwell producing the strongest polyphasic pulse.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Clinical Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive technique used for cortical and peripheral nerve stimulation.
  • Different magnetic stimulators exhibit varying output characteristics and effectiveness.
  • Understanding the efficacy of different stimulation methods is crucial for clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the voltage output and effectiveness of different magnetic stimulators.
  • To evaluate the reliability of magnetic versus electrical stimulation for peripheral motor root excitation.
  • To determine the optimal method for non-invasive nerve excitation in clinical settings.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed voltage induced in a measuring coil by four magnetic stimulators: Cadwell, Novametrix, Dantec, and Digitimer.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared magnetic stimulation with electrical stimulation for cervical and lumbar motor root excitation in healthy subjects.
  • Evaluated the effect of coil polarity reversal on nerve excitation sites for different magnetic stimulators.

    • Main Results:

    • Cadwell produced the strongest stimulus with a polyphasic pulse, unlike the monophasic pulses of Novametrix, Dantec, and Digitimer.
    • Magnetic stimulation at C7 excited cervical roots submaximally, while electrical stimuli were supramaximal.
    • Electrical stimulation reliably excited lumbar motor roots supramaximally, whereas magnetic stimulation at T12/L1 showed lower response rates.

    Conclusions:

    • Electrical stimulation is the most reliable method for transcutaneous non-invasive excitation of motor roots.
    • The polyphasic pulse of the Cadwell magnetic stimulator influences nerve excitation differently than monophasic stimuli.
    • No advantage was found for small coils in cervical transcutaneous root stimulation.