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Related Concept Videos

Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.

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Role of accessory salivary glands in aphid transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus.

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Relationships among three isolates of barley yellow dwarf virus.

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Barley yellow dwarf virus: phenotypic mixing and vector specificity.

W F Rochow

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |February 6, 1970
    PubMed
    Summary

    The aphid Rhopalosiphum padi transmits barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) isolates differently based on plant infection. Capsid protein influences vector specificity, with MAV RNA coating RPV protein in co-infected plants.

    Area of Science:

    • Plant Virology
    • Insect-borne Pathogen Transmission
    • Molecular Virology

    Background:

    • Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is a significant agricultural pathogen transmitted by aphids.
    • Different BYDV isolates exhibit varying transmission efficiencies by specific aphid vectors.
    • The MAV and RPV isolates of BYDV are serologically distinct.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the vector specificity of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi for MAV and RPV isolates of BYDV.
    • To determine the role of virus capsid in the transmission of BYDV isolates.
    • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying differential transmission in singly and doubly infected plants.

    Main Methods:

    • Aphid transmission assays using Rhopalosiphum padi.
    • Infection of oats with single and dual BYDV isolates (MAV and RPV).

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  • Analysis of virus-isolate interactions within doubly infected plants.

    • Main Results:

    • Rhopalosiphum padi showed poor transmission of the MAV isolate from singly infected oats.
    • Efficient transmission of MAV and RPV together occurred from doubly infected plants.
    • Evidence suggests MAV RNA can be encapsidated by RPV capsid protein in co-infected plants.

    Conclusions:

    • Vector specificity for BYDV isolates is influenced by the virus capsid protein.
    • Co-infection allows for heterologous encapsidation, altering transmission characteristics.
    • This mechanism explains the enhanced transmission of MAV by RPV in doubly infected plants.