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Recent changes in atmospheric carbon monoxide.

P C Novelli, K A Masarie, P P Tans

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 18, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) levels have globally decreased over the last 2-5 years, a significant reversal from previous long-term increases. This study details the rates of CO decline across different hemispheres and latitudes.

    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric Chemistry
    • Environmental Science
    • Climate Change Research

    Background:

    • Long-term atmospheric measurements indicate a historical trend of increasing carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere over the past 30 years.
    • Previous studies inferred a consistent 1-2% annual increase in CO levels based on Northern Hemisphere data.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze recent global atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) trends.
    • To identify spatial and temporal variations in CO concentration changes worldwide.
    • To compare current CO trends with historical long-term data.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of air samples collected from 27 diverse geographical locations spanning from 71 degrees N to 41 degrees S latitude.
    • Quantitative measurement of carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations in collected air samples.

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  • Statistical analysis of CO concentration data to determine rates of change over specific periods (past 2-5 years) and compare with historical trends.

    • Main Results:

    • A worldwide decrease in atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) levels was observed over the past 2 to 5 years.
    • CO demonstrated a nearly constant rate of decrease in high northern latitudes.
    • An abrupt CO decrease was noted in the tropics starting in late 1991.
    • The Northern Hemisphere showed an average CO decrease of 7.3 (+/-0.9) ppb/year (6.1%/year) from June 1990 to June 1993.
    • The Southern Hemisphere exhibited an average CO decrease of 4.2 (+/-0.5) ppb/year (7.0%/year).

    Conclusions:

    • Recent global atmospheric CO levels have reversed the long-term increasing trend.
    • The observed CO decline suggests significant recent shifts in atmospheric chemistry or emission sources.
    • The differing patterns of CO decrease between hemispheres and latitudes warrant further investigation into regional atmospheric processes.