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Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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For electrode reversibility to be maintained, all the reactants and products involved in the half-reaction must be present at the electrode. There are several types of reversible electrodes (half-cells).In metal-metal-ion electrodes, a metal balances electrochemically with a solution of its own ions. Examples are Cu2+|Cu and Zn2+|Zn. Metals that react with the solvent, like group 1 and most group 2 metals, which react with water, and zinc, which reacts with aqueous acidic solutions, cannot be...
Electrolysis03:00

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In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
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In-Situ Heating X-Ray Diffraction of LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Mn<sub>0.3</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and LiNi<sub>0.7</sub>Mn<sub>0.3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Made Using the All-Dry Synthesis Process.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

Rechargeable lithium batteries with aqueous electrolytes.

W Li, J R Dahn, D S Wainwright

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |May 20, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed safe, cost-effective rechargeable lithium-ion batteries using aqueous electrolytes. These advanced batteries offer competitive energy storage for various applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Electrochemistry
    • Materials Science
    • Energy Storage

    Background:

    • Traditional lithium-ion batteries often rely on flammable organic electrolytes, posing safety risks.
    • There is a growing demand for safer, more sustainable, and cost-effective energy storage solutions.
    • Aqueous electrolytes offer inherent safety advantages over organic counterparts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize rechargeable lithium-ion batteries utilizing aqueous electrolytes.
    • To evaluate the performance and safety of these novel battery systems.
    • To assess their potential as a competitive alternative to existing battery technologies.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of battery cells using LiMn(2)O(4) and VO(2)(B) as electrode materials.

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    Published on: February 13, 2017

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    Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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    Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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    A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
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    A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

    Published on: February 13, 2017

  • Electrolyte preparation using 5 M LiNO(3) in an aqueous solution.
  • Electrochemical performance testing, including charge/discharge cycling and energy density measurements.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful development of rechargeable lithium-ion battery cells with an aqueous electrolyte.
    • Demonstration of a fundamentally safe and cost-effective battery technology.
    • Achieved competitive energy storage capacity per unit weight compared to nickel-cadmium and lead-acid batteries.

    Conclusions:

    • Aqueous electrolyte lithium-ion batteries represent a promising safe and economical energy storage solution.
    • The developed LiMn(2)O(4)/VO(2)(B) system shows potential for commercial viability.
    • This technology offers a viable alternative to conventional battery chemistries.