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The flight from the arts and sciences: trends in degrees conferred
Summary
The percentage of bachelor's degrees in arts and sciences declined significantly after 1968 due to institutional changes and evolving student major choices, especially for women. This trend appears to be reversing, with gender having less future impact.
Area of Science:
- Higher Education
- Sociology of Education
- Educational Policy
Background:
- Bachelor's degrees in arts and sciences saw a dramatic decline after a period of steady growth from 1954 to 1968.
- This decline was not explained by demographic shifts alone.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the factors influencing the fluctuations in bachelor's degrees awarded in the arts and sciences.
- To analyze the impact of institutional changes and student choices on degree distribution.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of historical trends in degree conferral.
- Examination of institutional academic profiles and enrollment patterns.
- Assessment of student field-of-study choices, considering gender-specific trends.
Main Results:
- Swings in degree percentages were linked to changes in academic institutions and enrollment trends.
- Student choices in fields of study, particularly the humanities, played a significant role, influenced by increased opportunities for women.
- The decline in arts and sciences degrees appears to have concluded.
Conclusions:
- The distribution of bachelor's degrees in arts and sciences is influenced by institutional factors and evolving student preferences.
- Widening opportunities for women have impacted field-of-study choices.
- Future trends suggest a diminishing influence of gender on degree distribution in these fields.
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