Research with high-power short-wavelength lasers.

Area of Science:

• Plasma Physics
• Fusion Energy
• X-ray Science

Background:

• Previous laser-plasma interaction experiments faced challenges with long-wavelength lasers, including deleterious instabilities and limited plasma scale.
• Achieving conditions necessary for high-gain inertial fusion requires overcoming these limitations and controlling plasma behavior.
• Development of advanced laser technology is crucial for exploring new frontiers in fusion and X-ray generation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To demonstrate solutions for critical issues in laser-plasma interactions using short-wavelength lasers.
• To achieve high-temperature, high-density plasmas suitable for inertial fusion energy research.
• To explore the generation of novel, high-brightness soft X-ray sources.

Main Methods:

• Conducted high-temperature, high-density experiments using the 10-terawatt Novette laser system at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
• Utilized short-wavelength laser harmonics (0.53, 0.35, and 0.26 micrometers) generated from Nd:glass laser technology.
• Employed advanced diagnostic and computational modeling techniques to analyze plasma conditions and outcomes.

Main Results:

• Produced large-scale plasmas with dimensions relevant to inertial fusion targets, where instabilities were collisionally damped.
• Imploded deuterium-tritium fuel to 20 g/cm³ and 10(10) atmospheres, consistent with predictions for efficient fusion burn.
• Achieved a 700-fold amplification of soft X-rays via stimulated emission in selenium ions, creating ultra-bright, short-pulse sources.

Conclusions:

• The experiments successfully addressed key challenges in laser-plasma interactions, paving the way for advanced inertial fusion research.
• Demonstrated the potential of short-wavelength lasers to create conditions suitable for high-gain fusion.
• Generated unprecedentedly bright soft X-ray sources, opening new avenues for scientific investigation and applications.