Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Types of Chemical Bonds02:37

Types of Chemical Bonds

Chemical bonding theories were pioneered by American chemist Gilbert N. Lewis. He developed a model called the Lewis model to explain the type and formation of different bonds. Chemical bonding is central to chemistry; it explains how atoms or ions bond together to form molecules. It explains why some bonds are strong and others are weak, or why one carbon bonds with two oxygens and not three; why water is H2O and not H4O.
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

Gauss's Law in Dielectrics

Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Potentially modifiable determinants of malnutrition in older adults: A systematic review.

Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)·2019
Same author

On Closed-Shell Interactions, Polar Covalences, d Shell Holes, and Direct Images of Orbitals: The Case of Cuprite.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2018
Same author

The associations between training load and baseline characteristics on musculoskeletal injury and pain in endurance sport populations: A systematic review.

Journal of science and medicine in sport·2018
Same author

Long-term impact of the low-FODMAP diet on gastrointestinal symptoms, dietary intake, patient acceptability, and healthcare utilization in irritable bowel syndrome.

Neurogastroenterology and motility·2017
Same author

Impact of medium and long chain triglycerides consumption on appetite and food intake in overweight men.

European journal of clinical nutrition·2014
Same author

Informed consent in refractive eye surgery: learning from patients and the courts.

Irish medical journal·2012
Same journal

Erratum for the Research Article "Detecting supramolecular organic nanoparticles during heat wave".

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Local signals, systemic decline.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

The mechanics of liver regeneration.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Computing in a memory with physics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Retraction.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Making time.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Determination of Thermodynamic Properties of Alkaline Earth-liquid Metal Alloys Using the Electromotive Force Technique
12:02

Determination of Thermodynamic Properties of Alkaline Earth-liquid Metal Alloys Using the Electromotive Force Technique

Published on: November 3, 2017

Solid Electrolyte Behavior of NaMgF3: Geophysical Implications.

M O'keeffe, J O Bovin

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |November 2, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Sodium magnesium fluoride (NaMgF3) becomes a conductive solid electrolyte at high temperatures. This suggests the Earth

    More Related Videos

    Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth of Mg3N2 and Zn3N2 Thin Films
    13:05

    Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth of Mg3N2 and Zn3N2 Thin Films

    Published on: May 11, 2019

    Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
    06:53

    Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

    Published on: June 9, 2023

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

    Determination of Thermodynamic Properties of Alkaline Earth-liquid Metal Alloys Using the Electromotive Force Technique
    12:02

    Determination of Thermodynamic Properties of Alkaline Earth-liquid Metal Alloys Using the Electromotive Force Technique

    Published on: November 3, 2017

    Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth of Mg3N2 and Zn3N2 Thin Films
    13:05

    Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth of Mg3N2 and Zn3N2 Thin Films

    Published on: May 11, 2019

    Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
    06:53

    Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

    Published on: June 9, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Solid-state chemistry
    • Geophysics
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Understanding the electrical properties of mantle minerals is crucial for interpreting geophysical data.
    • Previous studies have focused on electronic conductivity, but ionic conductivity may be significant.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the solid-state ionic conductivity of NaMgF3 as a model for MgSiO3 under lower mantle conditions.
    • To predict the dominant charge transport mechanism in the Earth's lower mantle.

    Main Methods:

    • Temperature-dependent conductivity measurements of NaMgF3.
    • Extrapolation of NaMgF3 behavior to isostructural MgSiO3 under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions.

    Main Results:

    • NaMgF3 exhibits a smooth transition to a highly conductive solid electrolyte phase with increasing temperature.
    • Conductivity reaches 130 S/m just below the melting point.

    Conclusions:

    • The isostructural compound MgSiO3 is expected to exhibit similar ionic conductivity behavior under lower mantle conditions.
    • Ionic conductivity is predicted to be the dominant mechanism in the Earth's lower mantle, not electronic conductivity.